a. the king uttered this line. The significance of this line is, that everybody should have the duty that they can do.

b. you will have a hard time in judging yourself. Because, they cant see their mistakes, while in other people, its easy, because they can see the other's mistakes and rights.

c. concieted men are satisfied with one's achievements/characters, thats why.

d. some people in our world say it too, especially the ones stressed, and ones that had problems. They drink to forget bad memories.

e. the buisnessman wants to be rich, because, they want to comply all the things they need. Real life people are like the buisnessman in the story. They want to be rich to live and to have profit.

f. orders should be done correctly, wether you understand it or not.

g. the prince says that the lamplighter is the least wierd among the people he have met. I dont agree with him, because all of them are weird. They live in a small planet, alone..and they do their jobs repeatedly